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101 Python Challenges 101 Extra Python Challenges

Random Password Generator

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, Python - Beginner, Python Challenges, Solved Challenges

passwordFor this challenge, we will use a Python script to generate a random password of 8 characters. Each time the program is run, a new password will be generated randomly. The passwords generated will be 8 characters long and will have to include the following characters in any order:

  • 2 uppercase letters from A to Z,
  • 2 lowercase letters from a to z,
  • 2 digits from 0 to 9,
  • 2 punctuation signs such as !, ?, “, # etc.

To solve this challenge we will have to generate random characters and to do so we will need to use the ASCII code.

ASCII Code


The ASCII code (Pronounced ask-ee) is a code for representing English characters as numbers, with each character assigned a number from 0 to 127. For example, the ASCII code for uppercase M is 77. The extended ASCII code contains 256 characters (using numbers from 0 to 255).

To see a list of the most useful ASCII codes you can download our simplified ASCII helpsheet.

Using Python you can easily access ASCII values of a character using the ord() function. For instance ord(“M”) returns 77 and chr(77) returns “M”

When looking at the list of most widely used ASCII codes you will notice that all uppercase letters from A to Z have an ASCII code between 65 (=A) and 90 (=Z). To generate a random uppercase letter between A and Z we can hence use the following Python code:

import random
uppercaseLetter=chr(random.randint(65,90)) #Generate a random Uppercase letter (based on ASCII code)

Flowchart


To help you solve this challenge, we have completed the flowchart of our random password generator algorithm:
random-password-generator-flowchart
This algorithm is an example of:
sequencing-label

Python Code


You can use the flowchart above as well as our ASCII helpsheet to complete the code provided below.

unlock-access

Solution...

The solution for this challenge is available to full members!
Find out how to become a member:
➤ Members' Area
Tagged with: ,

Prolog – Family Tree

Posted on by Administrator Posted in A Level Concepts, Computer Science, Computing Concepts

family-treeProlog is a language built around the Logical Paradigm: a declarative approach to problem-solving.

There are only three basic constructs in Prolog: facts, rules, and queries.

A collection of facts and rules is called a knowledge base (or a database) and Prolog programming is all about writing knowledge bases. That is, Prolog programs simply are knowledge bases, collections of facts and rules which describe some collection of relationships that we find interesting.

So how do we use a Prolog program? By posing queries. That is, by asking questions about the information stored in the knowledge base. The computer will automatically find the answer (either True or False) to our queries.

Source: http://www.learnprolognow.org/

Knowledge Base (Facts & Rules)


Check the following knowledge base used to store the information that appears on a family tree:

/* Facts */
male(jack).
male(oliver).
male(ali).
male(james).
male(simon).
male(harry).
female(helen).
female(sophie).
female(jess).
female(lily).

parent_of(jack,jess).
parent_of(jack,lily).
parent_of(helen, jess).
parent_of(helen, lily).
parent_of(oliver,james).
parent_of(sophie, james).
parent_of(jess, simon).
parent_of(ali, simon).
parent_of(lily, harry).
parent_of(james, harry).

/* Rules */
father_of(X,Y):- male(X),
    parent_of(X,Y).

mother_of(X,Y):- female(X),
    parent_of(X,Y).

grandfather_of(X,Y):- male(X),
    parent_of(X,Z),
    parent_of(Z,Y).

grandmother_of(X,Y):- female(X),
    parent_of(X,Z),
    parent_of(Z,Y).

sister_of(X,Y):- %(X,Y or Y,X)%
    female(X),
    father_of(F, Y), father_of(F,X),X \= Y.

sister_of(X,Y):- female(X),
    mother_of(M, Y), mother_of(M,X),X \= Y.

aunt_of(X,Y):- female(X),
    parent_of(Z,Y), sister_of(Z,X),!.

brother_of(X,Y):- %(X,Y or Y,X)%
    male(X),
    father_of(F, Y), father_of(F,X),X \= Y.

brother_of(X,Y):- male(X),
    mother_of(M, Y), mother_of(M,X),X \= Y.

uncle_of(X,Y):-
    parent_of(Z,Y), brother_of(Z,X).

ancestor_of(X,Y):- parent_of(X,Y).
ancestor_of(X,Y):- parent_of(X,Z),
    ancestor_of(Z,Y).

Note that \+ means NOT

Queries


We can now query this database. For each of the queries listed below, what do you think the computer will return?

True or False Queries:
The following queries would return either True or False.

?-mother_of(jess,helen).
?-brother_of(james,simon).
?-ancestor_of(jack,simon).
etc.

Other Queries:
The following queries would return a solution which could be either:

  • A unique value
  • A list of values
  • False if no solution can be found
?-mother_of(X,jess).
?-parent_of(X,simon).
?-sister_of(X,lily).
?-ancestor_of(X,lily).
etc.

Your Task:


Use a range of queries, similar to the one above to interrogate the knowledge base and complete the family tree provided below.

To run your queries you will need to use the online Prolog environment:
https://swish.swi-prolog.org/p/prolog-family-tree.pl

Here is the template for the family tree for you to complete:
prolog-family-tree

Tagged with:

Computer Networks Concepts

Posted on by Administrator Posted in A Level Concepts, A Level Quiz, Computer Networks, Computer Science, Computing Concepts, Computing Terminology Quiz, GCSE Concepts, GCSE Quiz, Quizzes

Click on the picture below to check your knowledge of key Network concepts: Network components and Internet concepts.


network-concepts

Network ConceptsOpen Domino Activity
 
Tagged with:

Weather Forecast API

Posted on by Administrator Posted in A Level Concepts, Computer Science, JSON, Python - Advanced, Python Challenges

weather-iconsThe aim of this challenge is to write a computer program to display a 5-day weather forecast for a specific location chosen by the end-user.

You program will:

  • retrieve the city from the end user (input),
  • Use the Open Weather Map API to retrieve an up-to-date weather forecast for this city,
  • parse the retrieved information,
  • display the 5-day weather forecast for the selected location. (output)

In order to do so you will use the Open Weather Map API: https://openweathermap.org/api

You will need to sign in to get an API key.

Then you will be able to make the relevant API calls such as the one described in the tabs below.

JSON or XML?


JSON and XML are two widely used choices for open data interchange.

Initially, XML (eXtensible Markup Language) was the only choice for open data interchange. But over the years the world of open data sharing has evolved a lot. The more lightweight JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) has become a popular alternative to XML for various reasons, one of the main reason being that JSON is more compact, faster and lighter (in terms of memory requirements) to process/parse.

The Open Weather Map API let you choose the format of the data to be retrieved using either the JSON format or XML format. (See examples provided below). So you will have to decide which format to use.

You can read and complete the following two challenges which demonstrate how to use a JSON API using Python code. These challenges will help you find out how to make an API call and how to parse a basic JSON data set.

Open Weather Map API


Here are a few examples of how to use the Open Weather Map API to retrieve JSON or XML data sets.

Current Weather - JSONCurrent Weather - XML5 Day Weather Forecast - JSON5 Day Weather Forecast - XML
API Call

https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=London&appid=...

Output

{
"coord":{"lon":-0.13,"lat":51.51},
"weather":[{"id":300,"main":"Drizzle","description":"light intensity drizzle","icon":"09d"}],
"base":"stations",
"main":{"temp":280.32,"pressure":1012,"humidity":81,"temp_min":279.15,"temp_max":281.15},
"visibility":10000,
"wind":{"speed":4.1,"deg":80},
"clouds":{"all":90},
"dt":1485789600,
"sys":{"type":1,"id":5091,"message":0.0103,"country":"GB","sunrise":1485762037,"sunset":1485794875},
"id":2643743,
"name":"London",
"cod":200
}

Find out more about date and time format using a UNIX Timestamp.

API Call

https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=London&mode=xml&appid=...

Output

<current>
<city id="2643743" name="London">
<coord lon="-0.13" lat="51.51"/>
<country>GB</country>
<sun rise="2017-01-30T07:40:36" set="2017-01-30T16:47:56"/>
</city>
<temperature value="280.15" min="278.15" max="281.15" unit="kelvin"/>
<humidity value="81" unit="%"/>
<pressure value="1012" unit="hPa"/>
<wind>
<speed value="4.6" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<gusts/>
<direction value="90" code="E" name="East"/>
</wind>
<clouds value="90" name="overcast clouds"/>
<visibility value="10000"/>
<precipitation mode="no"/>
<weather number="701" value="mist" icon="50d"/>
<lastupdate value="2017-01-30T15:50:00"/>
</current>

Find out more about date and time format using a UNIX Timestamp.

This API generates the a weather forecast report for the next 5 days with a 3 hour interval.
API Call

https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?q=Moscow&appid=...

Output

{
"cod":"200",
"message":0.0036,
"cnt":40,
"list":[{"dt":1485799200,"main":{"temp":261.45,"temp_min":259.086,"temp_max":261.45,"pressure":1023.48,"sea_level":1045.39,"grnd_level":1023.48,"humidity":79,"temp_kf":2.37},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"02n"}],"clouds":{"all":8},"wind":{"speed":4.77,"deg":232.505},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-30 18:00:00"},
{"dt":1485810000,"main":{"temp":261.41,"temp_min":259.638,"temp_max":261.41,"pressure":1022.41,"sea_level":1044.35,"grnd_level":1022.41,"humidity":76,"temp_kf":1.78},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"clouds":{"all":32},"wind":{"speed":4.76,"deg":240.503},"snow":{"3h":0.011},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-30 21:00:00"},
{"dt":1485820800,"main":{"temp":261.76,"temp_min":260.571,"temp_max":261.76,"pressure":1021.34,"sea_level":1043.21,"grnd_level":1021.34,"humidity":84,"temp_kf":1.18},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":4.71,"deg":243},"snow":{"3h":0.058},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 00:00:00"},
{"dt":1485831600,"main":{"temp":261.46,"temp_min":260.865,"temp_max":261.46,"pressure":1019.95,"sea_level":1041.79,"grnd_level":1019.95,"humidity":82,"temp_kf":0.59},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":4.46,"deg":244.5},"snow":{"3h":0.05225},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 03:00:00"},
{"dt":1485842400,"main":{"temp":260.981,"temp_min":260.981,"temp_max":260.981,"pressure":1018.96,"sea_level":1040.84,"grnd_level":1018.96,"humidity":81,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":80},"wind":{"speed":4.21,"deg":245.005},"snow":{"3h":0.19625},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 06:00:00"},
{"dt":1485853200,"main":{"temp":262.308,"temp_min":262.308,"temp_max":262.308,"pressure":1018.1,"sea_level":1039.77,"grnd_level":1018.1,"humidity":91,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":88},"wind":{"speed":4.1,"deg":249.006},"snow":{"3h":0.535},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 09:00:00"},
{"dt":1485864000,"main":{"temp":263.76,"temp_min":263.76,"temp_max":263.76,"pressure":1016.86,"sea_level":1038.4,"grnd_level":1016.86,"humidity":87,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":3.87,"deg":254.5},"snow":{"3h":0.21},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 12:00:00"},
{"dt":1485874800,"main":{"temp":264.182,"temp_min":264.182,"temp_max":264.182,"pressure":1016.19,"sea_level":1037.77,"grnd_level":1016.19,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":3.67,"deg":257.001},"snow":{"3h":0.1375},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 15:00:00"},
{"dt":1485885600,"main":{"temp":264.67,"temp_min":264.67,"temp_max":264.67,"pressure":1015.32,"sea_level":1036.94,"grnd_level":1015.32,"humidity":86,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":88},"wind":{"speed":3.61,"deg":262.503},"snow":{"3h":0.1425},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 18:00:00"},
{"dt":1485896400,"main":{"temp":265.436,"temp_min":265.436,"temp_max":265.436,"pressure":1014.27,"sea_level":1035.76,"grnd_level":1014.27,"humidity":90,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":80},"wind":{"speed":3.67,"deg":266.5},"snow":{"3h":0.1625},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-01-31 21:00:00"},
{"dt":1485907200,"main":{"temp":266.104,"temp_min":266.104,"temp_max":266.104,"pressure":1013.1,"sea_level":1034.62,"grnd_level":1013.1,"humidity":90,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":80},"wind":{"speed":3.81,"deg":269.004},"snow":{"3h":0.1025},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 00:00:00"},
{"dt":1485918000,"main":{"temp":266.904,"temp_min":266.904,"temp_max":266.904,"pressure":1011.96,"sea_level":1033.47,"grnd_level":1011.96,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":4.26,"deg":274.002},"snow":{"3h":0.12},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 03:00:00"},
{"dt":1485928800,"main":{"temp":268.102,"temp_min":268.102,"temp_max":268.102,"pressure":1011.23,"sea_level":1032.62,"grnd_level":1011.23,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":4.4,"deg":283.501},"snow":{"3h":0.13},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 06:00:00"},
{"dt":1485939600,"main":{"temp":270.269,"temp_min":270.269,"temp_max":270.269,"pressure":1010.85,"sea_level":1032.1,"grnd_level":1010.85,"humidity":92,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":64},"wind":{"speed":4.53,"deg":297.5},"snow":{"3h":0.1875},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 09:00:00"},
{"dt":1485950400,"main":{"temp":270.585,"temp_min":270.585,"temp_max":270.585,"pressure":1010.49,"sea_level":1031.65,"grnd_level":1010.49,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":4.31,"deg":302.004},"snow":{"3h":0.065},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 12:00:00"},
{"dt":1485961200,"main":{"temp":269.661,"temp_min":269.661,"temp_max":269.661,"pressure":1010.22,"sea_level":1031.49,"grnd_level":1010.22,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":4.91,"deg":296.5},"snow":{"3h":0.0825},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 15:00:00"},
{"dt":1485972000,"main":{"temp":269.155,"temp_min":269.155,"temp_max":269.155,"pressure":1009.95,"sea_level":1031.3,"grnd_level":1009.95,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":80},"wind":{"speed":5.7,"deg":310.501},"snow":{"3h":0.11},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 18:00:00"},
{"dt":1485982800,"main":{"temp":268.056,"temp_min":268.056,"temp_max":268.056,"pressure":1011.21,"sea_level":1032.49,"grnd_level":1011.21,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":5.56,"deg":333},"snow":{"3h":0.225},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-01 21:00:00"},
{"dt":1485993600,"main":{"temp":265.803,"temp_min":265.803,"temp_max":265.803,"pressure":1013.79,"sea_level":1035.06,"grnd_level":1013.79,"humidity":83,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13n"}],"clouds":{"all":8},"wind":{"speed":4.8,"deg":355.004},"snow":{"3h":0.03},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 00:00:00"},
{"dt":1486004400,"main":{"temp":263.381,"temp_min":263.381,"temp_max":263.381,"pressure":1015.66,"sea_level":1037.16,"grnd_level":1015.66,"humidity":84,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"clouds":{"all":0},"wind":{"speed":4.2,"deg":348.503},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 03:00:00"},
{"dt":1486015200,"main":{"temp":261.85,"temp_min":261.85,"temp_max":261.85,"pressure":1017.63,"sea_level":1039.22,"grnd_level":1017.63,"humidity":76,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01d"}],"clouds":{"all":0},"wind":{"speed":3.81,"deg":345.502},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 06:00:00"},
{"dt":1486026000,"main":{"temp":263.455,"temp_min":263.455,"temp_max":263.455,"pressure":1019.32,"sea_level":1040.84,"grnd_level":1019.32,"humidity":84,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01d"}],"clouds":{"all":0},"wind":{"speed":3.06,"deg":344.004},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 09:00:00"},
{"dt":1486036800,"main":{"temp":264.015,"temp_min":264.015,"temp_max":264.015,"pressure":1020.41,"sea_level":1041.88,"grnd_level":1020.41,"humidity":85,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01d"}],"clouds":{"all":0},"wind":{"speed":2.52,"deg":334.501},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 12:00:00"},
{"dt":1486047600,"main":{"temp":259.684,"temp_min":259.684,"temp_max":259.684,"pressure":1021.52,"sea_level":1043.21,"grnd_level":1021.52,"humidity":76,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"clouds":{"all":0},"wind":{"speed":2.48,"deg":320.501},"snow":{"3h":0.0024999999999999},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 15:00:00"},
{"dt":1486058400,"main":{"temp":255.188,"temp_min":255.188,"temp_max":255.188,"pressure":1022.09,"sea_level":1044.09,"grnd_level":1022.09,"humidity":66,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":801,"main":"Clouds","description":"few clouds","icon":"02n"}],"clouds":{"all":24},"wind":{"speed":1.23,"deg":283.003},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 18:00:00"},
{"dt":1486069200,"main":{"temp":255.594,"temp_min":255.594,"temp_max":255.594,"pressure":1022.03,"sea_level":1044.12,"grnd_level":1022.03,"humidity":64,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":802,"main":"Clouds","description":"scattered clouds","icon":"03n"}],"clouds":{"all":48},"wind":{"speed":1.22,"deg":244.502},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-02 21:00:00"},
{"dt":1486080000,"main":{"temp":256.96,"temp_min":256.96,"temp_max":256.96,"pressure":1021.8,"sea_level":1043.77,"grnd_level":1021.8,"humidity":66,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":802,"main":"Clouds","description":"scattered clouds","icon":"03n"}],"clouds":{"all":44},"wind":{"speed":1.23,"deg":237.506},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 00:00:00"},
{"dt":1486090800,"main":{"temp":258.109,"temp_min":258.109,"temp_max":258.109,"pressure":1020.97,"sea_level":1042.99,"grnd_level":1020.97,"humidity":77,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04n"}],"clouds":{"all":80},"wind":{"speed":1.21,"deg":234.502},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 03:00:00"},
{"dt":1486101600,"main":{"temp":259.533,"temp_min":259.533,"temp_max":259.533,"pressure":1020.56,"sea_level":1042.53,"grnd_level":1020.56,"humidity":76,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04d"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":1.21,"deg":229.509},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 06:00:00"},
{"dt":1486112400,"main":{"temp":263.438,"temp_min":263.438,"temp_max":263.438,"pressure":1020.46,"sea_level":1042.15,"grnd_level":1020.46,"humidity":84,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04d"}],"clouds":{"all":56},"wind":{"speed":1.51,"deg":242.503},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 09:00:00"},
{"dt":1486123200,"main":{"temp":264.228,"temp_min":264.228,"temp_max":264.228,"pressure":1019.58,"sea_level":1041.24,"grnd_level":1019.58,"humidity":89,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04d"}],"clouds":{"all":56},"wind":{"speed":1.58,"deg":242.503},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 12:00:00"},
{"dt":1486134000,"main":{"temp":261.153,"temp_min":261.153,"temp_max":261.153,"pressure":1019.63,"sea_level":1041.42,"grnd_level":1019.63,"humidity":80,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":1.21,"deg":198.501},"snow":{"3h":0.0049999999999999},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 15:00:00"},
{"dt":1486144800,"main":{"temp":258.818,"temp_min":258.818,"temp_max":258.818,"pressure":1020.18,"sea_level":1042.03,"grnd_level":1020.18,"humidity":73,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04n"}],"clouds":{"all":64},"wind":{"speed":1.21,"deg":209.002},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 18:00:00"},
{"dt":1486155600,"main":{"temp":257.218,"temp_min":257.218,"temp_max":257.218,"pressure":1020.43,"sea_level":1042.38,"grnd_level":1020.43,"humidity":65,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":802,"main":"Clouds","description":"scattered clouds","icon":"03n"}],"clouds":{"all":44},"wind":{"speed":1.17,"deg":194.501},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-03 21:00:00"},
{"dt":1486166400,"main":{"temp":255.782,"temp_min":255.782,"temp_max":255.782,"pressure":1020.57,"sea_level":1042.75,"grnd_level":1020.57,"humidity":73,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04n"}],"clouds":{"all":56},"wind":{"speed":1.21,"deg":175.001},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 00:00:00"},
{"dt":1486177200,"main":{"temp":254.819,"temp_min":254.819,"temp_max":254.819,"pressure":1020.99,"sea_level":1043.11,"grnd_level":1020.99,"humidity":68,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01n"}],"clouds":{"all":44},"wind":{"speed":1.22,"deg":122.001},"snow":{"3h":0.0049999999999999},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 03:00:00"},
{"dt":1486188000,"main":{"temp":257.488,"temp_min":257.488,"temp_max":257.488,"pressure":1021.31,"sea_level":1043.48,"grnd_level":1021.31,"humidity":63,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":2.13,"deg":155.501},"snow":{"3h":0.04},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 06:00:00"},
{"dt":1486198800,"main":{"temp":259.827,"temp_min":259.827,"temp_max":259.827,"pressure":1021.81,"sea_level":1043.67,"grnd_level":1021.81,"humidity":90,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":600,"main":"Snow","description":"light snow","icon":"13d"}],"clouds":{"all":68},"wind":{"speed":2.07,"deg":170.005},"snow":{"3h":0.03},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 09:00:00"},
{"dt":1486209600,"main":{"temp":261.256,"temp_min":261.256,"temp_max":261.256,"pressure":1021.31,"sea_level":1043.05,"grnd_level":1021.31,"humidity":86,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":800,"main":"Clear","description":"clear sky","icon":"01d"}],"clouds":{"all":76},"wind":{"speed":2.32,"deg":175.001},"snow":{"3h":0.0049999999999999},"sys":{"pod":"d"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 12:00:00"},
{"dt":1486220400,"main":{"temp":260.26,"temp_min":260.26,"temp_max":260.26,"pressure":1021,"sea_level":1042.96,"grnd_level":1021,"humidity":86,"temp_kf":0},"weather":[{"id":803,"main":"Clouds","description":"broken clouds","icon":"04n"}],"clouds":{"all":56},"wind":{"speed":2.47,"deg":180.501},"snow":{},"sys":{"pod":"n"},"dt_txt":"2017-02-04 15:00:00"}],"city":{"id":524901,"name":"Moscow","coord":{"lat":55.7522,"lon":37.6156},"country":"none"}}

Find out more about date and time format using a UNIX Timestamp.

This API generates the a weather forecast report for the next 5 days with a 3 hour interval.
API Call

https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast?q=Moscow&mode=xml&appid=...

Output

<weatherdata>
<location>
<name>London</name>
<type/>
<country>US</country>
<timezone/>
<location altitude="0" latitude="39.8865" longitude="-83.4483" geobase="geonames" geobaseid="4517009"/>
</location>
<credit/>
<meta>
<lastupdate/>
<calctime>0.0028</calctime>
<nextupdate/>
</meta>
<sun rise="2017-03-03T12:03:03" set="2017-03-03T23:28:37"/>
<forecast>
<time from="2017-03-03T06:00:00" to="2017-03-03T09:00:00">
<symbol number="600" name="light snow" var="13n"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.03125" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="303.004" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="2.29" name="Light breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="269.91" min="269.91" max="270.877"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1005.61"/>
<humidity value="93" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="32" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-03T09:00:00" to="2017-03-03T12:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.0225" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="293.503" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="3.55" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="269.23" min="269.23" max="269.957"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1007.39"/>
<humidity value="90" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="36" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-03T12:00:00" to="2017-03-03T15:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.0125" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="301.5" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="6.26" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.93" min="270.93" max="271.416"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1009.81"/>
<humidity value="100" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="few clouds" all="24" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-03T15:00:00" to="2017-03-03T18:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.0025" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="302.005" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="7.31" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="272.25" min="272.25" max="272.491"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1011.51"/>
<humidity value="92" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="32" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-03T18:00:00" to="2017-03-03T21:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="02d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="298.5" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="6.61" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="272.817" min="272.817" max="272.817"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1012.1"/>
<humidity value="79" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="8" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-03T21:00:00" to="2017-03-04T00:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="294.502" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.26" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.438" min="270.438" max="270.438"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1012.92"/>
<humidity value="65" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T00:00:00" to="2017-03-04T03:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="292" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="2.66" name="Light breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="268.016" min="268.016" max="268.016"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1013.34"/>
<humidity value="66" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T03:00:00" to="2017-03-04T06:00:00">
<symbol number="801" name="few clouds" var="02n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="290.001" code="WNW" name="West-northwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="1.42" name="Calm"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="267.082" min="267.082" max="267.082"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1013.88"/>
<humidity value="71" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="few clouds" all="20" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T06:00:00" to="2017-03-04T09:00:00">
<symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="344.003" code="NNW" name="North-northeast"/>
<windSpeed mps="1.32" name="Calm"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="268.057" min="268.057" max="268.057"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1013.66"/>
<humidity value="70" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="44" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T09:00:00" to="2017-03-04T12:00:00">
<symbol number="600" name="light snow" var="13n"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.13" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="143.001" code="SE" name="SouthEast"/>
<windSpeed mps="1.91" name="Light breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="268.687" min="268.687" max="268.687"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1014.24"/>
<humidity value="78" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="broken clouds" all="80" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T12:00:00" to="2017-03-04T15:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="136.502" code="SE" name="SouthEast"/>
<windSpeed mps="3.16" name="Light breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.296" min="270.296" max="270.296"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1014.65"/>
<humidity value="85" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T15:00:00" to="2017-03-04T18:00:00">
<symbol number="600" name="light snow" var="13d"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.835" type="snow"/>
<windDirection deg="130.504" code="SE" name="SouthEast"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.16" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="273.066" min="273.066" max="273.066"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1012.99"/>
<humidity value="88" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="few clouds" all="20" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T18:00:00" to="2017-03-04T21:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="143.5" code="SE" name="SouthEast"/>
<windSpeed mps="2.77" name="Light breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="276.767" min="276.767" max="276.767"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1011.06"/>
<humidity value="84" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-04T21:00:00" to="2017-03-05T00:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="89.5023" code="E" name="East"/>
<windSpeed mps="3.73" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="274.492" min="274.492" max="274.492"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1010.42"/>
<humidity value="70" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T00:00:00" to="2017-03-05T03:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="97.5005" code="E" name="East"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.97" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="271.485" min="271.485" max="271.485"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1011.31"/>
<humidity value="72" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T03:00:00" to="2017-03-05T06:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="107.002" code="ESE" name="East-southeast"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.67" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.202" min="270.202" max="270.202"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1011.33"/>
<humidity value="72" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T06:00:00" to="2017-03-05T09:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="116.504" code="ESE" name="East-southeast"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.57" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.002" min="270.002" max="270.002"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1010.53"/>
<humidity value="77" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T09:00:00" to="2017-03-05T12:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="127.003" code="SE" name="SouthEast"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.56" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="270.017" min="270.017" max="270.017"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1010.21"/>
<humidity value="73" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T12:00:00" to="2017-03-05T15:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="148.002" code="SSE" name="South-southeast"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.68" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="276.199" min="276.199" max="276.199"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1010.18"/>
<humidity value="81" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T15:00:00" to="2017-03-05T18:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="174.5" code="S" name="South"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.72" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="284.031" min="284.031" max="284.031"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1008.28"/>
<humidity value="80" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T18:00:00" to="2017-03-05T21:00:00">
<symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="207.501" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="5.02" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.276" min="286.276" max="286.276"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1005.92"/>
<humidity value="71" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="32" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-05T21:00:00" to="2017-03-06T00:00:00">
<symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="200.003" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="4.81" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="282.168" min="282.168" max="282.168"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1005.45"/>
<humidity value="64" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="44" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T00:00:00" to="2017-03-06T03:00:00">
<symbol number="800" name="clear sky" var="01n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="201.001" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="5.37" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="279.202" min="279.202" max="279.202"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1005.45"/>
<humidity value="68" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="clear sky" all="0" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T03:00:00" to="2017-03-06T06:00:00">
<symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="201.001" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="5.21" name="Gentle Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="278.025" min="278.025" max="278.025"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1005.18"/>
<humidity value="72" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="44" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T06:00:00" to="2017-03-06T09:00:00">
<symbol number="803" name="broken clouds" var="04n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="203.503" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="5.42" name=""/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="278.123" min="278.123" max="278.123"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1004.75"/>
<humidity value="74" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="broken clouds" all="76" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T09:00:00" to="2017-03-06T12:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="202.003" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="5.41" name=""/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="278.704" min="278.704" max="278.704"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1004.96"/>
<humidity value="74" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T12:00:00" to="2017-03-06T15:00:00">
<symbol number="802" name="scattered clouds" var="03d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="193.502" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="6.01" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="282.402" min="282.402" max="282.402"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1004.49"/>
<humidity value="74" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="scattered clouds" all="48" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T15:00:00" to="2017-03-06T18:00:00">
<symbol number="500" name="light rain" var="10d"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.02" type="rain"/>
<windDirection deg="203" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="9.16" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="287.36" min="287.36" max="287.36"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1002.21"/>
<humidity value="76" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="few clouds" all="24" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T18:00:00" to="2017-03-06T21:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="202.501" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="8.72" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="288.081" min="288.081" max="288.081"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="1000.08"/>
<humidity value="74" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="88" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-06T21:00:00" to="2017-03-07T00:00:00">
<symbol number="500" name="light rain" var="10n"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="0.51" type="rain"/>
<windDirection deg="187.001" code="S" name="South"/>
<windSpeed mps="7.01" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.823" min="286.823" max="286.823"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="999.09"/>
<humidity value="76" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T00:00:00" to="2017-03-07T03:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="192" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="9.06" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.627" min="286.627" max="286.627"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="998.08"/>
<humidity value="72" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T03:00:00" to="2017-03-07T06:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="200.502" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="10.06" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.38" min="286.38" max="286.38"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="997.51"/>
<humidity value="76" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T06:00:00" to="2017-03-07T09:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04n"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="204.501" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="9.36" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.222" min="286.222" max="286.222"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="996.68"/>
<humidity value="88" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T09:00:00" to="2017-03-07T12:00:00">
<symbol number="501" name="moderate rain" var="10d"/>
<precipitation unit="3h" value="3.65" type="rain"/>
<windDirection deg="201.5" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="8.81" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.035" min="286.035" max="286.035"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="996.61"/>
<humidity value="95" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T12:00:00" to="2017-03-07T15:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="202.001" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="8.87" name="Fresh Breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="286.965" min="286.965" max="286.965"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="995.94"/>
<humidity value="96" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T15:00:00" to="2017-03-07T18:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="211.507" code="SSW" name="South-southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="7.86" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="288.163" min="288.163" max="288.163"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="994.32"/>
<humidity value="98" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="92" unit="%"/>
</time>
<time from="2017-03-07T18:00:00" to="2017-03-07T21:00:00">
<symbol number="804" name="overcast clouds" var="04d"/>
<precipitation/>
<windDirection deg="229.5" code="SW" name="Southwest"/>
<windSpeed mps="7.46" name="Moderate breeze"/>
<temperature unit="kelvin" value="288.788" min="288.788" max="288.788"/>
<pressure unit="hPa" value="993.15"/>
<humidity value="100" unit="%"/>
<clouds value="overcast clouds" all="88" unit="%"/>
</time>
</forecast>
</weatherdata>

Find out more about date and time format using a UNIX Timestamp.

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Currency Converter

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, JSON, Python - Intermediate, Python Challenges, Solved Challenges

currenciesOur aim is to create a currency converter to help us convert a sum of money from one currency to another.

Currency exchange rates are constantly changing which is why we have decided against the idea of storing all the exchanges rates in our code are these would not remain up-to-date. Instead we will retrieve up-to-date currency exchange rates by making calls to an API that provides the current rates.

To do so we will use the “Currency Converter API” to retrieve up-to-date exchange rates. You can read more about this API on: https://currencyconverterapi.com/. For the purpose of this blog post we will use the free version of this API.

This API works as follows:

API Request: e.g. Converting from US Dollars (USD) to British Pounds (GBP)

https://free.currencyconverterapi.com/api/v7/convert?q=USD_GBP&compact=y

JSON Output

{"USD_GBP":{"val":0.786905}}

This API uses JSON to format the data. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a popular lightweight data-interchange format. Its main benefit is that it is easy for humans to read and write and it is easy for machines to parse and generate as you can see in the code provided below. You can read more about JSON on https://www.json.org/

Python Code


Check our code to see how we make a call to the API and how we retrieve and extract the requested JSON data.

Before running the code below, you will need to
request a free API key from currencyconvertapi.com and insert this key on line 5 of the code below. Make sure you also follow instructions on how to verify your email to complete the API key request.

Your Task


Update the code above to accept a full range of currencies. You will need to use the API to retrieve a full list of currencies by making a request using the following URL: https://free.currencyconverterapi.com/api/v6/currencies

You will have to parse this JSON data to retrieve all the currency codes and append these to the list called validCurrencies currently declared on line 5 of the above trinket.

You may also want to output all the currency codes and the name of each currency to inform the user of the available codes and their meaning.

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Solution...

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Real-Time ISS Tracker

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, JSON, Python - Advanced, Python Challenges, Solved Challenges

international-space-station
The International Space Station (ISS) is moving at close to 28,000 km/h and orbits the Earth 16 times per day, once every 90 minutes! In this python challenge we are going to use an open source API (Open Notify) to retrieve some real-time data from Nasa about the location of the ISS.

Our aim is to retrieve the current longitude and latitude of the International Space Station and to use this information to plot it on the map.

You can read more about the API on: http://open-notify.org/Open-Notify-API/ISS-Location-Now/

Note that we will also use the Open Notify API to retrieve the current numbers of astronauts in space and to retrieve all their names and the spacecraft they are on. You can read more about this API on: http://open-notify.org/Open-Notify-API/People-In-Space/

Both these APIs use JSON to format the data. JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a popular lightweight data-interchange format. Its main benefit is that it is easy for humans to read and write and it is easy for machines to parse and generate as you can see in the code provided below. You can read more about JSON on https://www.json.org/

Python Code


Check our code to see how we make a call to the API and how we retrieve and extract the requested JSON data. You may need to see this trinket in full screen view to see the position of the ISS on the world map. An infinite “while True” loop is used to constantly update the position of the ISS on the map, with a 5-second delay between each iteration.

Your Task


The Open Notify API provides a third API to find out when the ISS will next pass over a specific location. The API requires you to provide the longitude and latitude of a location and returns a list of the next 5 date and time timestamps when the ISS will pass over, or closed to, this location.

You can find out more about this API on http://open-notify.org/Open-Notify-API/ISS-Pass-Times/

Your task is to write a Python script to display the date and time of the next five passes of the ISS over Paris, France (longitude: 45.51° N, latitude: 2.20° E).

Note that you will need to use the time library to convert a Unix Epoch Timestamp into a human readable format, using the following code:

import time
timestamp = 1547281745
datetime = time.strftime('%A, %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(timestamp))
print(datetime)
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Solution...

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3D Snowman

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, Python - Intermediate, Python Challenges, Solved Challenges

In this blog post we will use Glowscript to create a 3D animation of a snowman.

Our aim is to create our snowman by adding different 3D shapes such as spheres, cylinders, cones, etc. We will then create a compound object to join these shapes together in a single object. Finally, we will use an infinite while loop to animate/rotate the snowman around the Y axis.

Glowscript/vPython?…


To complete this challenge and find out about all the 3D shapes you can use in Glowscript, you will need to refer to the Glowscript/vPython online documentation.

(x,y,z) Coordinates


Note that to complete this challenge you will need a good understanding of how 3D coordinates work:
xyz-axis

snowman-coordinates

Complete the code


We have started the code for you. Your task is to complete this code to customise this snowman further. (Use Google Chrome to preview this animation)


Right Click on the animation to change the view point (rotate camera angle).

Extension Task


snow-globeBuild a snow globe around your snowman. You will need to use an opacity argument when creating the glass sphere.

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Solution...

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Target Detection Algorithm

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, Python - Advanced, Python Challenges, Solved Challenges

targeting-computer-algorithmIn star wars movies, most spaceships are fitted with laser cannons to shoot enemy spaceships. To assist the pilot, these spaceships have built-in targeting computers that enable them to aim the cannon and inform them when their target is within reach. When this is the case, the algorithm informs the pilot with the following message:

target-acquired

We have retrieved the code used in a Star Wars Tie Fighter spaceship. The code is used to aim the laser cannon. However this spaceship is not fitted with a target acquisition algorithm to inform the pilot when to shoot.

star-wars-spaceship

Your aim is to upgrade this code to detect when the enemy spaceship is within reach of the laser cannon.

To do so you will need to check if the X, Y coordinates of the cannon aim (mouse pointer) is within the A B C triangle representing the enemy spaceship:
target-acquired-coordinates

Python Code


Your aim is to upgrade this code from line 60 to detect when the enemy spaceship is within reach of the laser cannon:


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Solution...

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Periodic Table of Programming Concepts

Posted on by Administrator Posted in A Level Concepts, A Level Quiz, Computer Science, Computing Concepts, Computing Terminology Quiz, GCSE Concepts, GCSE Quiz, Quizzes

This periodic table of programming concepts list the main concepts and techniques used in procedural programming. High level procedural programming languages such as Python, Visual Basic, C, etc. enable you to use most, if not all of these concepts in your code.

Click on the concepts below to reveal short definitions of each concept.

Programming Concepts – Periodic TableOpen in new tab/window

My Javascript Calculator

Posted on by Administrator Posted in Computer Science, HTML, CSS & JavaScript, JavaScript

For this challenge, you will use your HTML, CSS and JavaScript to create a fully functional calculator as follows:
js-calculator

Before attemtping this challenge, make sure you gain a full understanding of how HTML, CSS and JavaScript are used on a web page and how these three client-side languages interact with each other by completing the following challenges:

HTML, CSS & JS Code


We have started the code for you. Click on the “Edit on Codepen” button to edit this code and implement your calculator.

See the Pen JS: Add String (with parseInt) by 101 Computing (@101Computing) on CodePen.